| 1 to 3 months |
- Reflexive grasp on item placed in hand; unable to voluntarily release
- Follows person or object from midline
- Notices hands; brings hands to mouth
- Swipes at objects without accuracy
- Props self up on forearms
- Brings head up momentarily when placed on tummy
|
| 4 to 6 months |
- Brings objects to mouth
- Reaches with both hands
- Holds head up when placed on tummy
- Able to begin sitting when propped with pillow or supported
- Transfers objects between hands
- Shows interest in solid foods
|
| 7-9 months |
- Sits without support; catches self with extended arms when falling over
- Reaches for items without falling over
- Pushes up onto straight arms when on belly
- Developing alternate arm/leg movement (creeping and crawling)
- Turns head to track objects visually
- Uses palm to grasp food items for self-feeding
- Holds and bangs utensils
- Pincer grasp beginning to develop (9 mo) for manipulation of small foods such as cheerios
|
| 10-12 months |
- Crawling with alternating arm/leg movement
- Beginning to pull up into standing
- Movement in and out of many positions on the floor
- Clapping hands during nursery rhymes
- Using both hands to purposefully play with objects
- Grasp and release medium shaped objects into open containers
- Drinks from straw; able to drink from open cup with spillage
|
| 12-18 months |
- Independent walking develops
- Squatting to play, pick up items on floor
- Helps with dressing/undressing
- Holds crayon to scribble
- Fits toys into shape containers
- Opens and closes containers
- Points to pictures in books
- Self-feeds using utensils with spillage
|
| 19-24 months |
- Starts jumping with feet leaving ground, Runs, Kicks ball
- Able to walk and pull toy behind
- Stacks blocks, attempts puzzles
- Turns pages of book
- Displays desire for independence in tasks
|
| 24-36 months
|
- Snips with scissors
- Traces, colors in large shapes without accuracy
|
| 3-4 years
|
- Uses static tripod grasp on crayons to draw
- Colors within lines
- Copies simple shapes
- Uses scissors to cut across straight lines
- Constructs 3D design from model
- Throws ball and hits target
- Self-dressing (puts on socks, shoes*, shirt; pulls down pant; unzip coat)
*assistance for correct orientation still needed
|
| 5 Years |
- Uses dynamic tripod grasp
- Completes up to 10 piece puzzle
- Cuts shapes such as square with scissors
- Copies own name
- Plays well in twosome
- Attempts to join others in play
- Independently dresses
|
Sources:Occupational Therapy for Children (Case-Smith), Pathways.org, Aota.org
